Bayard Taylor was 24 years old in 1849 when he left New
York for California with a shipload of forty-niners seeking gold. Taylor
was not a prospector, however, he was a reporter, on assignment from
Horace Greeley's New York Tribune – it was Greeley who said,
"Go West, young man. Go West."
Taylor did, by way of Panama, across the isthmus, and up
the western coast of North America by steamer, arriving in San Francisco
at the height of the gold rush. It was astonishing.
One day at noon, while resting in the shade of a
tree, Dr. Gillette took a pick and began carelessly turning up the
ground. Almost on the surface, he struck and threw out a lump of gold of
about two pounds' weight. … Inspired by this unexpected result,
[Gillette and his companion] both went to work… At the end of the
second day they … weighed their profits, which amounted to fourteen
pounds!
But Taylor saw the effects of gold on business and
society. Returning to San Francisco after a visit to the diggings,
I could scarcely realize the change that had taken
place during my absence of three weeks. The town ... doubled its number
of dwellings since I left. High up on the hills, where I had seen only
sand and chaparral, stood clusters of houses; streets which had been
merely laid out were hemmed in with buildings and thronged with people;
new warehouses had sprung up on the water side…
Everywhere, fortunes were being made.
Many of my fellow-passengers by the Panama were
realizing their dreams of speedy fortune; some had already made 20,000
by speculating in town lots. A friend of mine who had shipped lumber
from New York to the amount of 1,000 sold it for 14,000.
A new society was being made, too. Taylor was present at
the formation of the new California government and creation of its
Declaration of Rights.
The clause prohibiting slavery was met by no word of
dissent; it was the universal sentiment of the Convention.
No one can say today where the gold dug out of those hills
and streams has gone, but Eldorado is still a treasure in our
hands.
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